PiperION anion exchange resin - 0.8 g (2023)

Versogen PiperION Resin Material is a functionalized resin material in powder form. This powder can be used to make your own PiperION dispersions (also known as ionomers). Dispersions or ionomers are one of the key components in achieving superior performance with PiperION membranes. The dispersions are commonly used to prepare anode and cathode catalyst inks or slurries. The presence of the dispersion in the catalyst layer will significantly improve the ion conduction phenomenon in the catalyst layer and therefore have better electrochemical performance. The dispersions can also be used to make self-supporting and mechanically reinforced films. PiperION dispersions belong to the anion exchange category of dispersion products for applications where anion transfer is critical to electrochemical performance.

PiperION resins are made from functionalized poly(arylpiperidine) polymers. The general chemical structure of the poly(arylpiperidinium) resin material is given below. This resin powder is currently available in 0.8 grams per bottle.

Benefits of PiperION anion exchange resin products:

- Excellent chemical durability and stability in the pH range of 1 to 14 due to the rigid ether-free aryl structure
- Capability of long-term operation in a wide temperature range
- Manufacture of cathode and anode catalyst layers with excellent ionic conductivity
- Manufacture of self-supporting or mechanically reinforced membranes

Pretreatment scheme:

The usual method of using the anion exchange resin material is to dissolve it in a suitable solvent system to obtain a dissolved polymer solution for the manufacture of other related products. PiperION dispersions (or any other dispersions) are generally used as received, and the products generated from the dispersion material are then converted to the desired ionic form.

For standard alkaline fuel cell/electrolysis applications:

Any product containing a dispersion of PiperION (eg, gas diffusion catalytic layers, gas diffusion electrodes, MEA, CCM) if to be used in standard alkaline fuel cell/electrolysis applications to convert conductive PiperION ionic from the bicarbonate form to the hydroxide form.

If the product made from PiperION dispersion is a membrane, allow the membrane to stand uncovered at ambient conditions for 1 hour before immersing. If the product is CCM (without GDL), allow the CCM to stand at ambient conditions without any protective film or backing film for 1 h before immersion. If the product is a MEA (meaning GDL is permanently attached to the membrane), conversion of the ion conducting part should be done inside the device where the MEA is restrained or under mechanical clamping force, removal is not recommended of the converted MEA. to prevent delamination of GDL from the membrane surface. If the product made from the PiperION dispersion is a catalyzed GDL or GDE, the immersion step can be performed immediately.

For hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells or hydroxide exchange electrolysis applications or any other application that requires the transfer of hydroxide ions, the product must be converted from the bicarbonate form to the OH- form for optimum conductivity.

To convert the manufactured product to the OH form, place the product in a 0.5 M NaOH or KOH aqueous solution for 1 hour at room temperature. After 1 h, replace the solution with fresh 0.5 M NaOH or KOH and allow the membrane to soak for another 1 h at room temperature. After two soaks, rinse the product with deionized water (pH ~ 7). Minimize exposure to ambient air, as CO2 can be exchanged back with the membrane, causing the membrane to revert to bicarbonate. The reaction between CO2 and hydroxide ions is a purely chemical reaction that readily occurs if the OH- form of the finished product is exposed to an environment containing CO2 (eg ambient air, etc.). This conversion can be completely eliminated simply by performing the conversion and testing in a CO2-free dry box environment.

For CO2 or CO electrochemical reduction or CO2 electrolysis applications:

Any product containing a PiperION dispersion (e.g., catalytic gas diffusion layers, gas diffusion electrodes, MEA, CCM) if to be used in electrochemical CO2 reduction or CO2 electrolysis applications to convert bicarbonate ions to another form of conductive PiperION anion.

If the product made from PiperION dispersion is a membrane, allow the membrane to stand uncovered at ambient conditions for 1 hour before immersing. If the product is CCM (without GDL), allow the CCM to stand at ambient conditions without any protective film or backing film for 1 h before immersion. If the product is a MEA (meaning GDL is permanently attached to the membrane), conversion of the ion conducting part should be done inside the device where the MEA is restrained or under mechanical clamping force, removal is not recommended of the converted MEA. to prevent delamination of GDL from the membrane surface. If the product made from the PiperION dispersion is a catalyzed GDL or GDE, the immersion step can be performed immediately.

PiperION dispersions are shipped as bicarbonate. If you are using bicarbonate electrolytes in your setup, products made with PiperION dispersions do not need to be pretreated and can be used as received.

If you are using carbonate electrolytes, products made with PiperIon dispersions will need to be converted to the carbonate form. To achieve this, simply immerse the product in an aqueous 0.1-0.5 M sodium or potassium carbonate solution for 12 hours at room temperature. Then replace the solution with fresh 0.1-0.5 M sodium or potassium carbonate and leave the finished product to soak for another 12 hours at room temperature. After two or three soaks, rinse the finished product with deionized water (pH ~ 7).

If you are using pure alkaline electrolytes of the KOH or NaOH type instead of bicarbonate or carbonate electrolytes in your CO2 reduction experiments, you can simply follow the "For Standard Alkaline Fuel Cell/Electrolysis Applications" protocol to transform the manufactured product into the OH-form.

For other electrochemical (electrodialysis, desalination, electro-electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, acid recovery, salt separation, etc.) and non-electrochemical applications:

Any product containing a dispersion of PiperION (e.g., catalytic gas diffusion layer, gas diffusion electrode, MEA, CCM) if it is to be used in other electrochemical applications to convert ionic conductive PiperION from bicarbonate form to PiperION ionic conductor must follow the following schemes for another desired anionic form.

If the product made from PiperION dispersion is a membrane, allow the membrane to stand uncovered at ambient conditions for 1 hour before immersing. If the product is CCM (without GDL), allow the CCM to stand at ambient conditions without any protective film or backing film for 1 h before immersion. If the product is a MEA (meaning GDL is permanently attached to the membrane), conversion of the ion conducting part should be done inside the device where the MEA is restrained or under mechanical clamping force, removal is not recommended of the converted MEA. to prevent delamination of GDL from the membrane surface. If the product made from the PiperION dispersion is a catalyzed GDL or GDE, the immersion step can be performed immediately.

Before assembling products made with PiperION dispersions into fixtures or electrochemical devices, the products must be converted to the anionic form relevant to the intended application. For example, if the application requires the transfer of the Cl- anion through the manufactured product, it must be converted to the Cl- form. To convert it to the Cl- form, it should be immersed in 0.1 to 0.5 M NaCl or KCl saline solution (dissolved in deionized water) for 12 to 24 hours, and then rinsed with deionized water to remove excess salt on the surface of the product. Alternatively, if the intended application requires the transfer of sulfate anion into the manufactured product, it must be converted to the sulfate form before being assembled into a battery. 0.1 to 0.5 M Na in neutral saline₂so₄o₂so₄Completely immersing the product in a saline solution for 12 to 24 hours at room temperature is usually sufficient to fully convert it to the sulfate form. It is always recommended to repeat the immersion process 2-3 times to achieve close to 100% conversion, followed by a copious rinse with deionized water.

If you have any concerns regarding storage, chemical stability, pretreatment, or before proceeding, please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.

Scientific literature on various uses of Versogen film and dispersion products:

It isArticle by Wang et al., titled "Poly(arylpiperidine) Membranes and Ionomers for Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells"It is considered an excellent source describing the polymer chemistry and fuel cell operation of PiperION membranes at 95°C using hydrogen and CO2 free air reagents. Here too, aspects of ionic conductivity, chemical stability, mechanical stability, gas separation, and selective solubility of poly(arylpiperidine)-based AEMs were investigated.

It isThe article by Wang et al titled "Achieving High Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells by Optimizing Relative Humidity, Back Pressure, and Catalyst Selection"It is considered an excellent source describing the polymer chemistry and fuel cell performance of PiperION membranes under different operating parameters to eliminate anode flooding and cathode drying issues for balanced water management. With further catalyst optimization, the maximum power density was 1.89 W/cm2 in H2/O2 and 1.31 W/cm2 in H2/air.

It isThe article by Luo et al., titled "Structure-transport relationships in poly(arylpiperidine) anion exchange membranes: effects of anions and hydration"Regarded as a good source, it describes the transfer of different anions between AEMs made from poly(arylpiperidine) resins. Nanostructure, hydration or water absorption as a function of counter-anions, phase separation of polymer morphology, anion conductivity as a function of water content (vapor or liquid), and anion radius are some of the others. aspects that have been discussed in this publication.

It isThe article by Zhao et al., titled "Efficient Direct Ammonia Fuel Cells for Affordable Carbon-Neutral Transportation"Considered an excellent source describing the economics of hydrogen, methanol, and ammonia as fuels for transportation applications, the performance of poly(arylpiperidine)-based AEMs for direct ammonia fuel cells at 80 °C.

It isThe article by Archrai et al., titled "Direct ammonia fuel cell without KOH anode feed produces 180 mW cm-2 at 120 °C"The electrochemical performance of poly(arylpiperidine)-based AEMs for direct ammonia fuel cells at 120 °C was investigated.

It isArtículo de Endrodi et al., titulado "High Carbonate Ion Conductivity of Robust PiperION Membranes Allows Industrial Current Densities and Conversions in Zero-Gap Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzers"The electrochemical performance of poly(arylpiperidine)-based AEMs in electrolyzer applications for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 or carbon dioxide was investigated. This study demonstrates that partial current densities greater than 1 A/cm2 can be achieved while maintaining high conversion (25-40%), selectivity (up to 90%), and low cell voltage (2.6-3.4 V).

The electrochemical performance of products containing PiperION (or any other dispersion) generally depends on the design of the electrochemical test hardware, operating parameters, membrane thickness, catalyst type and charge, the thickness and type of the gas diffusion layer, the way of manufacturing and assembly of the MEA. / CCM, etc. Fuel Cell Store does not guarantee or endorse the performance obtained by other researchers.

Please note that delivery is currently estimated to take 2-4 weeks.

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